How can we install Batten wiring system?

In this wiring system wooden batten is used. All the cable of wiring are installed on the smooth batten with steel clips and these steel clips are installed on the surface of batten to equal distances. The wooden batten is installed on the walls of the building with the help of 1.5 inch screws. The batten is available in different sizes such as 15, 20. 25 and 40 mm, usually P.V.C insulation cable is used for batten wiring.
The life period of wiring is 15 to 20 years approximately. This wiring is used up to 220 volts. Always install the switches , sockets, ceiling roses, lamp holders. main switches etc, used on concrete, stone, and cemented walls of the building. When it is necessary to pass the cables through the walls then the P.V.C conduit or metal pipe is commonly used.

Wiring installation method: First of all, draw the straight lines with colored  thread on the walls of the building. Always draw the lines to the height of 3 m above the ground surface. In any condition, the distance can not reduce to this specified limit. After that with the help of electric drill machine make the holes to the marked point on the wall. The distance between these holes is 30 cm or 60 cm and all the holes are made on equal distances to each other. Rawal plugs are inserted in these holes. Cut the batten with the help of wood saw to required length. Now connect the steel clips with nails on the surface of the batten to equal distance. Batten is installing on the walls of the building. A 1.5 inch screws are used to installation of batten on the walls. Install the cables on the batten and tight the clips. All the switches, sockets, lamp holders. ceiling rose, main switch are installed on wooden round blocks. in last whole wiring is tested with megger.

Advantages:
(a) This is a simple wiring system.
(b) IT looks very beautiful.
(c) The fault is found very easily.
(d) Durable and have a good strength.
(e) The chance of leakage of current is very rare.
(f) It installed very quickly.
(g) Batten wiring system has a long life.

Disadvantages:
(a) The weather effects are directly attack on this wiring system.
(b) Risk of fire is possible.
(c) After maintenance the beauty of this wiring system is not maintained.
(d) The risk of mechanical injury is possible.
(e) It is installed only up-to 220 volts.
(f) Extra cable is used in this wiring system.

Precautions:
(a) If cables are passing under water pipes or walls then metal pipes are used.
(b) Always installed the batten to the height of 5m above the ground.
(c) Use bridge joint when crossing of cables is required.
(d) Use the correct size of clips, if large clips are used then the beauty of wiring is not maintained. (e) Always varnish the batten before installation.

Uses:
This wiring system is commonly used in homes. bungalows, offices. hotels. laboratories etc. 

No comments

Posted at 5:03 AM |  by Unknown

How can we install Cleat Wiring System

Temporary electrical wiring on building and construction sites is necessary to enable lighting and power to be provided for the various points on the site. The cleat wiring on insulators shall be installed in accordance to regulations. The insulators are made by porcelain, plastic or hard wood. It is the oldest wiring method. It is permitted on systems up-to 440 volts or 600 volts.
In cleat wiring V.R.I, P.V.C and weather proof sheathed cables are commonly used. The cleat has a two parts. One is base and other is cap. The cables shall be supported on base because in base the grooves are made and cables are easily fitted in these grooves.

After that the base is covered with cap and then cap is screwed on the base. The cleats are available in two-way. three-way and four-way construction. The two-way cleat is used for single-phase supply (230 volts) and three-way cleat is used for three-phase (440 volts) three wire system and four-way cleat is used for three phase four wire system. The wiring is installed in vertical and horizontal positions. In this wiring system the fault is replaced very easily because all the cables are open.
When one circuit or cables are passing through an other circuit or cables in cleat wiring system then insulators are used on lower cables for safety purpose.  In the below fig the crossing is shown. At the turning points in cleat wiring, special types of cleats are used. 
The distance between tow cleats is kept approximately 0.5 meter or 18 inch or 45 cm and the distance between cables and wall is approximately 1.5 cm. The distance between two cables is 4 to 7 cm according to their current rating. The cleat wiring is used in industries for installation of high capacity current cables. The distance between earth and cables is approximately 2.5 to 3 cm. therefore at switches and junction boxes the earthing points are marked.
The cable are entered in junction box through holes and always one cable is passing through one hole. When cables are passing through the walls or roofs then porcelain tube or metal pipes are commonly used. The life period of this wiring is 3 months minimum and maximum 10 to 15 years.

Method of Cleat wiring system installation:
                                                                                                                                     First, draw the straight line on the wall with the help of coloured thread and after that mark the points on the wall. The distance between these points is one meter and then with the help  of drill machine made the holes in marked points and rawal plugs are inserted in these holes. A screw of 2.5" inch in inserted in base of cleat and base of cleat is screwed the wall. The cable is lying one by one on each groove and than cap of cleat is screwed on base. The screws are not completely tight because the insulation of the cables is damaged. In below fig a cleat wiring sketch is shown. For installation of switched on the wooden round block the extra cable is escaped and also for lamp holders some extra cable is escaped. The neutral wire is directly connected to lamp holders and sockets. In this wiring usually fuse is not used. When cables are passed through walls or roofs than metal pipe or porcelain tube is used. In last the wiring is tested with the help of megger. The short circuit and insulation tests are performed mostly.

Advantages of Cleat wiring:
(a) Cheap and simple wiring system and this type of wiring is installed very quickly or very short period of time is required to finish it.
(b) Because all the cables are in open air, therefore fault is found very easily and replace it very quickly.
(c) The whole wiring is replaced in short period of time and the material of wiring is used on another place if we want.
(d) The alternations and additions are possible in cleat wiring system and inspection of this wiring is very easy.
(e) This is the temporary wiring system.

Disadvantages of Cleat wiring:
(a) The weather conditions are directly affected on cables such as , rain , oil. vapour . strem. humidity. smoke. and acidic effect and also mechanical injuries are directly affected on the cables.
(b) After some duration sag is produced in the cables.
(c) The dust and smoke are directly affected on cables, therefore after some duration the beauty of this wiring is lost.
(d) IT is used only on low temperature places.
(e) It is used  on 220/440 volts only.
(f) This wiring system is not safe and durable.
(g) The risk of fire is present because all the cables are in open condition.
(h) If the cap of the cleat is tightly screwed on the base then the insulation of the cables is damaged and risk of current leakage is occur.

Precautions:
(a) the cables are lying straight in cleats.
(b) Cleat wiring is not suitable for those places where smoke, steam, dust and risk of mechanical injury is present.
(c)If cables are passing through under the water pipes, walls or roofs then cables are always passing through metal conduits.
(d)The cap is not tightly screwed on the base because insulation of cables is damaged and not as loosely screwed that as a result the cables are producing sag.
(e) Switches, sockets, cut out, ceiling rose and lamp holders are always installed on round wooden blocks.
(f) Do not install this wiring in stores and flammable places.
(g) The distance between branch circuits for single-phase supply (220 volts) is not less than 2.5 cm and for sub main 4 cm minimum.
(h) Always use the wooden bushing on each end of the conduit.

I hope you all understood, now if you have question then do ask me, share our classes.
Keep visiting................................ TAKE CARE.

2 comments

Posted at 5:02 AM |  by Unknown

Choice of Electric Wiring System

Choice of Electric wiring system :

Different factors must be kept in mind when you are selecting any electric wiring system. These factors are as follows, safety, capacity, nature of work in building , voltages, accessibility, flexibility, future requirements, easy maintenance, economical, wiring cost estimation, weather condition, building construction, heat, rain and switch gears. Some factors are briefly discussed here.

Types of Building:
                                                        If we install a conduit wiring on a abortive wall of building then we see that after some duration the conduits are loose and automatically fall on to the floor of the buildings or hanged on the walls. IF we install a conduit wiring on cemented wall of a building, then this wiring system is durable because the conduits are can not looses. So always choose the wiring system according to type of building.

Voltages:
                 We know that supply company is recommended the 220 volts for single-phase wiring system and 440 volts for three-phase wiring system. Therefore the design of an installation is all depend upon the supply voltages. So, it is better to design a wiring system according to easily available rating of voltages.
Now, we know that the chose of  wiring system upon the voltages that are available from the serving utility at the building site location. The also includes the size of building, type. size and character of the electrical load. Economy and efficiency can be achieved by selecting the voltages which are most applicable to electrical loads to be served. According to selecting voltages we design an electrical wiring system.

Nature of work in building:
                                                                                     IT is recommended that always choose the wiring system according to nature of work in building. If we use the batten wiring in foundary shop then after some duration the insulation of cables to be damaged. If we use the lead wiring in chemical factory we see that after some duration the vapour of the acid damaged the lead wiring. As a result, whole wiring system is replaced and new wiring is installed. Economically this is not good. Therefore always choose the wiring system according to nature of  work, where this wiring system is to be installed.

Weather condition:

                                                              The regulation relates to weather conditions, always exposed to hazardous environments. It is seen that if the humidity of the air is not affected on wiring then it is better but if humidity is effected then always choose the that wiring system on which the humidity of the air can not effected. For example if we install a batten or casing caping wiring on a wet place then we see that after some duration the batten absorb the humidity and become a conductor. If the joints of wiring are loosed then short circuit is occurred through this dumpy wood or wet batten. So, always choose the wiring system according to weather conditions.

Durability:

                                   The recommended wiring systems have a durable and also have a well strength. The design of wiring system is selected according to nature of work. If we install a wrong wiring system then the durability is decreased. If we choose the wiring system according to nature of working place, where this wiring system is installed then the durability and life of wiring system is maintained in specified duration.

Safety:

                  Always choose the correct size of cable because if you choose the correct size of cable then this cable easily handles the load current and no any risk of fire and leakage are present in wiring system. The regulation about safety provides a good knowledge related to safe electrical installation.

If the designing engineer have a sound knowledge then the wiring system easily follow the possibilities of future expansion, no risk of fire, good looking according to nature of work and future power capabilities. The installation of the cable must be able to withstand the applied voltage and also any transient of over voltage which may occur. The connection must be sound and suitable for purpose, whether in permanent or temporary installations. Also, where any equipment has been disconnected in wiring, a cheek should be made as to confirm that the connection must be insulated after replacement of equipment for safety purpose.

Economical:

                          It is recommended that the selected wiring system must be economical, well looking and also have a good efficiency. The consumer easily affords the wiring cost and the wiring is also equal to its requirements. If  a temporary installation is required then the material which is used for this wiring system is not costly, because after some duration this installation is replaced.

Flexibility:

                                  A good electrical system provides flexibility. The wiring system accommodates future physical changes. The increased demand of load in electrical system must be rearranged quickly and economically. Flexibility can be maintained only if adequate additional space is easily available.

Switch Gears:

                             The switch gear used in wiring system must be withstanding the fault condition. If we install a switch gear according to correct rating of circuit then our system work properly and in abnormal condition disconnect the wiring system through supply.

Availability of material:

                                                                         Always confirm, before starting wiring system that the material for selected wiring system is easily available in market. If it is easily available then this wiring system is installed in building. But, if the complete material of wiring is not easily available in market then any other wiring system whose material is easily available in market.

Beauty of building:

                                                           The wiring must provide a good look after its installation. In case of cleat or batten or casing caping wiring is used in a modern, beautiful homes then it will spoil the beauty of the building. So, these places concealed conduit wiring is best.

I hope you all understood, now if you have any question regarding this class then do ask me in comments section below.

However you can share our classes with you friends.

Keep visiting and Take care.

4 comments

Posted at 4:59 AM |  by Unknown

What is Electric Wiring System? And which Wiring is Better?

Installation of different electrical equipments and also these equipments are to be connected by means of cable and other types of conductors is known as electric wiring. Different wiring methods are used for installation, but every method has its own uses. If you have a good design engineer then before starting an electrical wiring system it is essential, you to recommend the good design procedure and factors which are very useful for electric completely safe and sound.

In early days, these was very little planning to be taken in wiring practice but now today the proper planning and design have become essential. Everybody known that electricity is a very good servant, but if we can not control electricity properly then it has become a very dangerous for human life. therefore it is essential that the planned methods of wiring system to be taken and all rules and regulations are also implemented in wiring system.
When  you have plan an installation there are many things which must be taken into account such as, the correct sizes of cables, suitable switch gear, current rating of over current devices and the numbers of outlets which may be connected to circuit. We always choose the wiring system according to our requirements. It is also recommended that, where load nature is low or medium that single phase supply (220 volts) wiring system is better and where load is large such as multy-story buildings, flats, industries etc.
For these places three phase wiring system is recommended. A good wiring system is that, in which there is no leakage is present, well looking, low voltage drop, losses remain in specified limit, wires or cables are not heated, fuses and circuit breakers are work properly. all the switches and sockets are installed to be correct rating and accessible to human reach. In electric wiring system good earthing is also essential. When any fault occurred in winding system, we can disconnect the faulty apparatus for maintenance purpose and other wiring portion is worked properly. This is the good behavior of an efficient wiring system.

I hope you understood, now if you have any question regarding the electric wiring then do ask me in comments section.

3 comments

Posted at 4:58 AM |  by Unknown